Indications

Sitagliptin is used as a supplement to diet and exercise to enhance glycemic control in persons with type 2 diabetes.

Important Use Restrictions: Sitagliptin should not be used in type 1 diabetes patients or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis because it is ineffective in these situations. Patients with a history of pancreatitis have not been investigated with sitagliptin. It's unclear whether people who have had pancreatitis in the past are more likely to develop pancreatitis when using Sitagliptin.

Pharmaceutical Name

Pharmacology

Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor that is thought to work in type 2 diabetes patients by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones. Sitagliptin increases the concentrations of active intact hormones, which increases and prolongs the action of these hormones. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent incretin hormones

Dosage & Administration

Interaction

Sitagliptin had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of metformin, glyburide, simvastatin, rosiglitazone, warfarin, or oral contraceptives.

Contraindications

An allergic reaction to sitagliptin, such as anaphylaxis or angioedema, in the past.

Side Effects

Headache, upper respiratory tract infection, and nasopharyngitis are the most common side effects. Patients taking a combination of Sitagliptin and sulfonylurea with insulin may experience hypoglycemia.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Classification B. Rats and rabbits have been used in reproduction studies. Because animal reproduction studies do not always predict human response, this medication should only be used during pregnancy if absolutely necessary. Sitagliptin is secreted in a 4:1 milk-to-plasma ratio in lactating rats' milk. Sitagliptin is not known to be excreted in human milk.

Precautions & Warnings

If pancreatitis is suspected, sitagliptin should be stopped immediately and appropriate treatment started.

In patients with moderate or severe renal insufficiency, as well as patients with ESRD who require hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, dosage adjustments are recommended.

Therapeutic Class

Inhibitor of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4)

Storage Conditions

Keep the temperature below 30°C and away from light and moisture. Keep out of children's reach.

Generic

Sitagliptin